Baytown Municipal Jail Criminal Court Process

Search for an Inmate or Active Arrest Warrant in Chambers County

Criminal Court Process for Chambers County Texas

Chambers County stretches along Galveston and Trinity bays between Houston and Beaumont, and its county seat is Anahuac, where the courthouse on Washington Avenue houses the district and county courts. Fine-only offenses are heard by the county's justices of the peace and by the city courts of Anahuac, Mont Belvieu and Old River-Winfree; Class A and B misdemeanors go to the county court; and felonies are tried in the 344th District Court, which serves Chambers County alone, or the 253rd District Court, which it shares with Liberty County. The Chambers County Attorney prosecutes misdemeanors and the District Attorney for the 344th Judicial District prosecutes felonies. Adults arrested in the county are booked by the Sheriff's Office in Anahuac.

Which court hears your case. Class C misdemeanors, the fine-only cases such as speeding on Interstate 10, public intoxication, theft of under $100, disorderly conduct and assault by contact without injury, are filed in the justice of the peace court for the precinct where the offense happened or, inside city limits, in the municipal court of Anahuac, Mont Belvieu or Old River-Winfree (the part of Baytown that lies in Chambers County uses the Baytown city court). Class A and B misdemeanors, such as a first DWI, possession of a small amount of marijuana and assault causing bodily injury, are heard in the Chambers County Court at the Anahuac courthouse. Felonies begin with magistrate warnings and, after a Chambers County grand jury returns an indictment, are tried in the 344th District Court or the 253rd District Court.

Where pretrial inmates are held. The Sheriff operates the Chambers County Jail in Anahuac, which the state jail commission rates at about 148 beds, and it usually runs close to full. Deputies, city officers from Mont Belvieu and Anahuac, and DPS troopers book their arrestees there. A person who cannot post bail stays there until the case is over or the court sets different terms. The Sheriff's Office can be reached at (409) 267-2500.

Local courts in Chambers County (justice of the peace, municipal and county courts)

Chambers County's justice courts are spread from Winnie in the east to the Baytown and Mont Belvieu area in the west, reflecting how the population is divided between the rural bay communities and the growing suburbs near Houston. Justices of the peace hear Class C cases and serve as magistrates, giving warnings and setting bond for people in custody. Because precinct offices have moved in recent years, call ahead to confirm the location shown on your citation.

Justice of the peace courts

Municipal courts

  • Anahuac Municipal Court, Box 578, Anahuac, TX 77514, (409) 267-6682
  • Mont Belvieu Municipal Court, 11607 Eagle Drive, Mont Belvieu, TX 77580, (281) 576-5018
  • Old River-Winfree Municipal Court, Box 1169, Mont Belvieu, TX 77580, (281) 385-1735

County court

  • Chambers County Court (Class A and B misdemeanors, appeals from justice and city courts), Chambers County Courthouse, 404 Washington Avenue, Anahuac, TX 77514, through the County Clerk at (409) 267-2418

A Class C defendant can pay the fine, ask about deferred disposition or a driving safety course, or plead not guilty and request a trial. An appeal from a guilty verdict in a justice or city court goes to the county court for a new trial, but the appeal must be perfected within ten days.

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Misdemeanor (for example, theft, a first DWI, assault causing bodily injury, criminal trespass)

Interstate 10 and State Highway 146 bring a steady flow of DWI and drug-possession arrests into Chambers County. After booking at the Chambers County Jail, the arrested person is brought before a magistrate within 48 hours for the warnings required by article 15.17 and a decision on bail. Options are a cash bond, a surety bond from a licensed bondsman, or a personal bond, and conditions such as no contact with an alleged victim or an ignition interlock are common.

Inside the county court

The County Attorney's office files an information in the Chambers County Court and handles plea negotiations. Defendants who cannot afford counsel and face possible jail time may ask the judge for an appointed lawyer under the county's indigent defense plan. Outcomes range from dismissal and pretrial diversion to deferred adjudication, probation or jail. A defendant who wants a trial is entitled to a jury of six, and the verdict must be unanimous.

Penalty ranges

  • A Class B misdemeanor is punishable by up to 180 days and $2,000; a Class A misdemeanor by up to a year and $4,000.
  • Shoplifting or other theft is Class B from $100 and Class A from $750, up to $2,500.
  • A first DWI is Class B. The judge can impose 72 hours to 180 days, often probated, and a fine as high as $3,000; the license is suspended and DWI education is required. A level of 0.15 or more makes it Class A, and an open container brings a six-day minimum.
  • Assault causing bodily injury is Class A, and a family-violence finding carries long-term consequences.
  • Criminal trespass is Class B, or Class A at a habitation or with a deadly weapon.

A typical Chambers County misdemeanor is resolved in two to six months. Call the County Clerk at (409) 267-2418 for case settings.

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Felony (for example, burglary, felony theft, drug possession or delivery, aggravated assault)

Adults charged with felonies are held at the Chambers County Jail unless they post bond. The magistrate must review a public safety report before setting terms, and the district court can later raise, lower or add conditions.

Sequence of a felony case

  1. Grand jury. The 344th Judicial District Attorney presents the evidence to a Chambers County grand jury. If nine of the twelve grand jurors find probable cause, they return a true bill.
  2. District court assignment. Indicted cases go to the 344th District Court or the 253rd District Court in Anahuac. The 253rd also hears cases in Liberty County, which affects its Chambers County calendar.
  3. Pretrial. The lawyers exchange evidence, litigate motions and negotiate. Deferred adjudication is often offered for first-time offenders.
  4. Trial and sentencing. Twelve jurors must reach a unanimous verdict. The defendant may elect jury sentencing.

Punishment

  • State jail felony: 180 days to 2 years, for example theft from $2,500 to under $30,000 or possession of less than one gram of a Penalty Group 1 drug.
  • Third degree: 2 to 10 years. Second degree: 2 to 20 years, covering burglary of a home and most aggravated assaults.
  • First degree: 5 years to 99 years or life, for example delivery of 4 to 200 grams of methamphetamine.

A fine of up to $10,000 can be added at any felony level, prior convictions enhance the range, and 3g offenses require half the sentence to be served before parole eligibility. Felonies in Chambers County commonly take six to eighteen months. Indigent defendants receive court-appointed private lawyers; request one at magistration or call the District Clerk at (409) 267-2432.

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Violent felony (for example, murder, sexual assault, aggravated robbery)

When the charge is a violent felony, the defendant is likely to stay at the Chambers County Jail for months. Personal bonds are prohibited for many violent offenses, and Under a constitutional amendment Texas voters approved in 2025, judges in Chambers County can deny bail in some violent-crime cases. Money amounts are usually high, though the district judge can hear a request to lower them.

  • Capital murder: the only sentences are life without parole and death.
  • Murder: a first-degree felony with a range of 5 years to life, reduced to second degree if sudden passion is proven.
  • Sexual assault: second degree; aggravated sexual assault: first degree, with heightened minimums for some child victims. Registration as a sex offender follows conviction.
  • Aggravated robbery: first degree, and parole is possible only after half the sentence.

These cases often take one to three years because of forensic testing, expert witnesses and crowded dockets. The District Attorney's victim assistance coordinator keeps victims informed, and the Texas Constitution guarantees victims the right to be present and to be heard. Two appointed lawyers are required for an indigent defendant facing the death penalty.

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Juveniles (under 17) arrested in Chambers County

A child who was 10 to 16 years old when an offense was committed falls under the juvenile justice system. Seventeen-year-olds are prosecuted as adults and are booked at the Chambers County Jail.

Intake and prosecution

The Chambers County Juvenile Board designates the juvenile court, typically one of the district courts or the county court. The Chambers County Juvenile Probation Department handles intake, deciding with the family and the prosecutor whether the case can be handled informally or should proceed on a petition. The prosecutor files the petition alleging delinquent conduct or conduct in need of supervision.

Juvenile detention

Chambers County does not operate its own juvenile detention center, so a youth who must be held is typically placed in a contracted regional facility in a neighboring county along the upper Gulf Coast. A judge must hold a detention hearing within two working days, and the child must have a lawyer, appointed if necessary.

Outcomes

  • Deferred prosecution with dismissal after successful supervision.
  • Probation, which may include counseling, curfew, school requirements and restitution.
  • For conduct that would be a felony, a commitment to TJJD, the state's juvenile corrections agency.
  • Determinate sentencing for listed serious offenses, which can carry over into adult prison.

The prosecutor may ask the court to certify a juvenile for adult prosecution, generally at age 14 or older for capital, first-degree and certain aggravated drug felonies and at 15 or older for other felonies, after a hearing. The public cannot see juvenile files, and a youth can often petition to have them sealed.

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Federal cases (U.S. District Court) from Chambers County

Chambers County is one of four counties in the Galveston Division of the Southern District of Texas, along with Brazoria, Galveston and Matagorda. Federal criminal cases from the county are filed with the clerk on Galveston Island; federal prosecutors work out of Houston.

  • U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, 601 Rosenberg, Room 411, Galveston, TX 77550, clerk (409) 766-3530
  • U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District, 1000 Louisiana, Suite 2300, Houston, TX 77002, (713) 567-9000
  • Federal Public Defender for the Southern District of Texas, or an appointed Criminal Justice Act panel lawyer, for defendants who qualify

Typical federal matters

The ship channel, petrochemical plants, Interstate 10 and the bay shoreline shape the federal cases that come out of Chambers County: drug trafficking along the interstate, firearms offenses, environmental and workplace-safety crimes at industrial sites, smuggling, cargo theft, and fraud. Agencies that bring such cases include the DEA, FBI, ATF, Homeland Security Investigations, the Coast Guard and the EPA's criminal investigators.

Federal procedure

A federal defendant first sees a U.S. magistrate judge, who advises of the charges and appoints counsel when needed. Release in federal court never depends on a commercial bail bond. Prosecutors who want detention ask for a hearing, normally within three court days, and under the Bail Reform Act the judge either imposes release conditions supervised by U.S. Pretrial Services or orders custody. Southern District pretrial detainees are often held at the Federal Detention Center in Houston, 1200 Texas Avenue, or in county jails under contract with the U.S. Marshals. An indictment must follow a complaint within 30 days, and the Speedy Trial Act's 70-day trial deadline is commonly extended.

Federal juries have twelve members who must agree unanimously, although most cases end in pleas. After conviction, the probation office prepares a presentence report, and the judge considers the advisory Sentencing Guidelines and any mandatory minimum. Federal prisoners have no parole and serve about 85 percent of the sentence in the Bureau of Prisons with good-conduct credit, followed by supervised release. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals reviews convictions from Texas federal courts.

How to find a federal prisoner

Check the Federal Bureau of Prisons inmate locator, searching by name or by register number. People held pretrial in a county jail through a Marshals Service contract may also be listed on that facility's inmate roster. Chambers County youths almost never face federal charges; their cases stay in the county juvenile court.

↑ Back to the top of the Chambers County court guide

This guide describes the general course of a criminal case in Chambers County and is not legal advice; court locations, procedures and phone numbers change. Talk with a defense lawyer about any pending charge. To request a court-appointed attorney, ask the magistrate after arrest or contact the District Clerk at (409) 267-2432 for felonies or the County Clerk at (409) 267-2418 for misdemeanors.

Criminal Court Process for Chambers County Texas

Chambers County Texas Criminal Court System – Definitions

It might be helpful to define some words that will be used on this site, when explaining the Texas Court System and how it works. The definitions on this site are for general information and not legal advice. It is always preferred to follow information given by your attorney or local authorities.

If you scroll down below this content, and the listing of the courts in Chambers County, you will find a simple flowchart diagram and a video that will help you visualize the stages of the Criminal Court Process.

Arrest is when Texas, Chambers County or local police take a person into custody and start the legal process. The arrested person may or may not be immediately jailed. 

In less serious crimes, the person may only be given a citation ordering that they appear in municipal or Chambers County court on a certain date. In cases involving more serious crimes, the person is usually placed in the county jail until an arraignment, or a judge decides the next step.

Booking is when the Chambers County sheriff or local police gather information such as the detainee’s name, address and why the person is being arrested. Booking also includes fingerprinting, criminal history, investigation and verification of identity. Bail for lower-level crimes may be set right after booking so the arrested has the opportunity to “bail or bond out” before being detained.

The prosecution, sometimes called “the government” or “the people” or “the state” is the side that press the charges and seeks punishment for the offense. These are attorneys that work for the state of Texas, Chambers County or a city or town. The prosecuting attorney for Chambers County or the district works in the prosecutor’s office.  A U.S. Attorney prosecutes federal cases.  

Jurisdiction is an important term in the court system that means whether a court has the obligation or duty or right to handle a case.  For example, if you run a red light in your town or city, a municipal court would likely have jurisdiction over your case, but the next town or city over would not have jurisdiction over your case.  If you attempted to flee from police when they attempted to stop you after you ran the red light, it becomes a more serious crime, and the municipal court might not have jurisdiction so you might be assigned to a higher-level court that has jurisdiction over the more serious crime.  Jurisdiction varies from state to state and sometimes county to county.

Arraignment in Texas comes after charges are formally filed, usually by indictment for a felony. The trial court reads the charge and the defendant enters a plea of guilty, not guilty or no contest. It is a separate step from the first appearance before a magistrate, where rights are explained, bail is set and a request for an appointed lawyer can be made.

An arraignment is not a trial, and the defendant is entitled to a trial within a reasonable amount of time after the arraignment.

Bail is money paid that is held by the Chambers County or municipal court to make sure that the arrested does not flee the area before their trial. In Texas, bail and its conditions are set by a magistrate soon after arrest, at the hearing often called magistration. When the case is over, cash posted as bail is refunded on the court’s order to the person named on the receipt, less any fee the law allows.

If a person does not pay bail, they stay in custody until their trial.  Bail can be denied if the court feels that the arrested would be a danger to others if released. Sometimes the court decides that there is a good chance that the arrested will show up for trial and not flee so they are released on their own promise, or recognizance without having to pay bail.

A bond proceeding is the determination of how much bail is to be paid. In Texas it usually happens at the first appearance before a magistrate, soon after arrest, well before any arraignment. A defendant may have a lawyer at a bond proceeding, and a defendant facing a request to deny bail under Proposition 3 has the right to one at that hearing. Jailers, police and prosecutors can’t set bail. In Texas a magistrate does, usually within 48 hours of arrest, and that magistrate may be a justice of the peace, a municipal judge, an appointed magistrate or a county or district judge. Texas doesn’t use one bail schedule for the whole state; each county’s judges adopt their own. Before setting bail, the magistrate reviews a Public Safety Report on the person’s criminal history (the Damon Allen Act, Senate Bill 6, 2021). Since September 2025, Senate Bill 9 sends some felony bail decisions to a judge rather than an appointed magistrate, and since November 2025 Proposition 3 lets a judge deny bail outright for certain violent and sexual felonies after a hearing.

It is always important to have family involvement after being arrested.  Not only can they make calls and communicate on your behalf (not all bond companies will accept collect calls), but family support will show the court that there are people who will make sure that the defendant makes it to court, not only for the defendant’s own good, but because they may have signed bond paperwork and responsible to pay if the defendant does not show in court. Chances of obtaining a bond from a bond company or clerk of court are better if family is involved.  

(There have been phone scams to where a bond company calls and informs a person that their family member has been arrested and they ask for financial information.  A bondsman will not call asking for money without involvement of the arrested.)

A judicial public bond or personal recognizance bond is a bond where someone representing the defendant signs paperwork promising to pay the money if the defendant does not show up to court. If the defendant does not show, the full amount will be due and the people who signed the paperwork will be responsible to pay the court.  Sometimes the court decides that there is a good chance that the arrested will show up for trial and not flee so they are released on their own promise, or recognizance.  

Cash bonds in Texas. Instead of using a bondsman, the defendant or someone on their behalf deposits the full bail amount with the court or the sheriff. The money is held until the case ends, then refunded on the court’s order to the person named on the receipt, less the administrative fee the law allows (Art. 17.02).

Surety Bond is when defendant pays a percentage of the bond amount (usually 10–15%) to a professional bondsman or bail bond company licensed under Texas law, or by the county’s bail bond board in counties that have one. The bondsman then signs the bond on behalf of the defendant. The defendant does not receive any of the money back. If the bondsman feels the defendant is a flight risk, they can refuse to give a bond or charge a higher fee. For example, a bondsman may determine a defendant is a flight risk if they are from a state other than Texas.

A Property Bond is a bond in which the bond is pledged in land or home real estate.  Usually, the property must be in Chambers County, and it must be worth at least the amount of the bond.

An Unsecured Bond is when the defendant is released without paying bail upfront, but they must pay the full amount if they do not appear in court.

A Secured Bond is when the defendant pays a portion of the bail up front. If they show to court, they would get the money back and if they don’t show up to court, would have to pay the entire bail amount.

A criminal defense attorney (also called lawyer or counsel) is hired or retained to represent the arrested as early as possible after the arrest.

If there is a chance that the case might go to trial and the defendant cannot afford an attorney, the 6th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution requires that the court provide an attorney. This is called indigent representation and a public defender or assigned attorney would represent the defendant in all proceedings. Indigent representation is only available misdemeanor and felony cases that could result in jail time, juvenile cases and certain appeal cases. Class C misdemeanors do not qualify for indigent representation.  

Texas requires that the county pays for appointed counsel and expenses and each county may address indigent defense differently but must comply with the state commission’s guidelines.  If an accused cannot afford a lawyer, the court appoints one. A judge may later order the defendant to repay some or all of that cost if they are able to.  

For less serious cases or civil cases, pro bono volunteers give legal help free or at low cost. Many hold clinics on representing yourself or clearing (expunging) a record. Pro Bono Texas is a good place to start looking for one.

Many courts will provide forms and help for people who want to represent themselves, called pro se.

In Texas, a district court is the main state trial court for felonies. The name can also mean a U.S. federal district court, which hears federal cases; Texas has four federal judicial districts with offices around the state. It is important that you check the address of the court you are to appear in rather than to ask someone because that person might give you directions to the wrong “district” court. Being late to court can land you in custody as well.

Pretrial proceeding is the process where both sides (prosecution and defense) gather information, interview witnesses, request records, videos etc. Pretrial proceedings also include communications with the judge assigned to the case and these appearances are either in person or by on-line conferencing. Some pretrial proceedings may not require a defendant’s appearance, allowing an attorney to appear in their place. The information that is gathered is called discovery and both sides must share the information that they have gathered.  This information does not include conversations between the arrested and their attorney.

Most cases do not go to trial because both sides reach a plea deal, where both sides try to reach a reasonable punishment based on what was learned in the pretrial proceedings.  A plea deal can only happen if the accused person admits they are guilty in exchange for a lighter punishment.  The reason they must admit guilt is because it would not be fair to punish someone who claims they are not guilty.  There are times in plea bargaining when the prosecution agrees to give a lighter sentence in exchange for information leading to the arrest of more serious criminal related to the crime.  

Trial is where both sides share their information in front of a judge or a judge and jury. After listening to all the evidence, the judge or jury decides the verdict which is whether if the person is guilty or not guilty. If a court has only a judge hearing both sides, it is called a bench trial.  If a jury is selected, it is called a jury trial.  If the defendant is found non-guilty, they are released.  If they are found to be guilty, the next step is sentencing.

Sentencing is the punishment that the judge decides the person should get. This could be jail or prison time, fines, community service, probation, or a combination.

Appeal is asking for a higher court to hear the case again at an appellate court.  If the accused person thinks something went wrong at trial or has new information that was not available during the trial or that the sentence is too harsh, the defense attorney can ask for an appeal. It is not unusual for an appeal when there is a long jail sentence, but an appeal can be denied if the appellate court feels that the original trial or sentencing was fair.

Texas Felony vs Misdemeanor

In Texas, a misdemeanor is divided into Class A, Class B and Class C.

  • Class A is the most serious misdemeanor with penalties of up to 1 year in county jail and a fine of up to $4000.  Examples of a Class A misdemeanor in Texas include property theft valued between $750 and $2500, certain drug possession offenses and assault with bodily harm. 
  • Class B Misdemeanors can result in penalties of up to 180 days in county jail and a fine of up to $2000. Examples of a Class B misdemeanor include first offense DWI, possession of marijuana and criminal trespassing.
  • Class C misdemeanor is the least serious and results in a fine of up to $500 without jail time. Examples of Class C misdemeanor include disorderly conduct, simple assault without bodily injury and minor possession of alcohol.

A felony crime in Texas is a more serious crime than a misdemeanor and can be punished with more significant fines and jail time of more than one year.  Examples of felony crimes are murder, rape, theft, aggravated assault, drug trafficking, kidnapping and identity theft.

In Texas, the elected District Clerk keeps the records for felony cases and the elected County Clerk (or County Court at Law clerk) keeps misdemeanor records; both accept filings, bonds, fees and fines and keep the court’s files.

A warrant is used to get someone to appear in court or to law enforcement.  There must be good reason to believe that the person is involved in a crime. The warrant gives authority to arrest the person and search for evidence for the investigation of the crime. 

A criminal summons is issued to request that a person appear in court at a particular time and date.  It does not involve an arrest.  A traffic ticket, summary citation or lesser misdemeanor could be considered a summons if you are given a court date.

A summary citation, commonly referred to as a ticket, is a criminal summons by a law enforcement officer either in person or via mail accusing the defendant of a minor offense, stating potential fine, listing the court having jurisdiction and instructions for addressing the issue. Defendants may or may not be required to appear in court or handle the matter by entering a plea via mail.

Fines are usually paid to the District Clerk or County Clerk, and payment methods can be found on the Chambers County District Clerk or County Clerk website. If you do not pay your fine on time, you can lose your driver’s license, have to pay additional fees or even have a warrant for your arrest.  It is important to read the instructions on the ticket issued by the police officer or court at the time of your arrest. For a parking ticket or summary citation, the fine amount and how to send payment should be on the ticket. 

Texas Criminal Court System - How it Works

Justice courts are located within precincts are the lower-level criminal courts that handle Class C misdemeanors such as disorderly conduct, public intoxication and minor possession of alcohol and traffic violations. The judges are magistrates. 

Municipal courts handle violations of municipal ordinances (city laws), traffic violations, parking violations and criminal misdemeanor offenses that occur within the city or towns police jurisdiction. They overlap with justice courts in handling Class C misdemeanors. These courts are for criminal misdemeanors and are only punishable by fine and there is no confinement.

When there is an appeal request from a judgement made in justice or municipal court, the case is heard in a county or district court as if the original trial in the lower court had not occurred.  This is called trial de novo.

Texas County Courts are the original and trial courts for the more serious Class A and B misdemeanor cases. Each Texas county has one constitutional county court, and many counties have added statutory County Courts at Law to share its caseload; in larger counties those courts hear most Class A and B misdemeanors.  County courts are not courts for felony cases.

District courts in Texas are trial courts that handle criminal felony cases from beginning to end.  

Every Texas county designates at least one court to sit as its juvenile court (Family Code 51.04). A child in juvenile court is someone who was 10 through 16 at the time of the alleged conduct; at 17, Texas treats a person as an adult in criminal cases. The juvenile cases are handled by judges assigned to only serve “juvenile court”.

Courts of Appeal handle appeals from the district and county courts.

Specialty courts or problem-solving courts are being adopted in many states as a way to handle cases that involve non-violent and first-time offender cases in a way to where the offender can retain a job or responsibilities while following specific orders of the court as returned court appearances, periodic evaluations or testing for substances. Texas offers a variety of specialty courts throughout the state including drug, veteran’s, re-entry and DWI courts.

Texas has two high courts. The Texas Supreme Court is the final word on civil and juvenile cases. The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals in Austin is the highest court for criminal cases and automatically reviews every death sentence. Most criminal appeals reach it after one of the state’s intermediate courts of appeals has ruled.

FEDERAL COURT

Federal Court deals with crimes involving violations of United States laws.  Federal crimes include federal drug trafficking, federal tax evasion and fraud that crossed state lines and include crimes that occur on federal property as post offices or federal buildings.  

Cases involving crimes that involve the FBI or DEA or Immigration agencies are federal crimes. Terrorism is a federal crime. 

There are some differences in the Federal court system as compared to the Texas state court system. For example, the attorneys who work for the courts are called United States Attorneys and Federal judges are called District Court Judges (not to be confused by local state district courts).  

Federal Magistrate Judges hear the case early on, but they do not decide on the cases at a trial like the Federal District Court Judges. In a federal case, a grand jury is used for indictments.

There are four U.S. Federal Judicial Districts in Texas.

Search for an Inmate or Active Arrest Warrant in Chambers County